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| Do you remember the verbs dėti (jis deda - he puts) and imti (jis ima - he takes)? We put things either on (ant) something or into (į) something. Therefore their position, when they are put, is either on or in: Pieštukas yra ant stalo. The pencil is on the table. Pieštukas yra knygoje. The pencil is in the book. Jis deda pieštuką ant stalo. He is putting the pencil on the table. Jis deda pieštuką į knygą. He is putting the pencil into the book. Imagine now that you want to take the thing. You will either take it from the table or from the book. You will have to use different prepositions to say where you are taking the thing from: Jis ima pieštuką nuo stalo. He is taking the pencil from the table. Jis ima pieštuką iš knygos. He is taking the pencil from the book.
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